HIV viral load and T-cell dynamics. (A) Median change in plasma mRNA HIV viral loads in 28 patients without early deaths. Viral loads increased with the peak shown at the end of therapy and declined below baseline at 3 months after completion of therapy and reinstitution of cART. cART-naive patients (♦) compared with patients with prior exposure (■) had slightly higher viral loads at presentation. (B) Median changes in CD4 cells in 28 patients without early deaths. CD4 cells declined to a nadir at end of therapy but recovered to baseline 6 to 12 months later. cART-naive patients (♦) compared with patients with prior exposure (■) had lower CD4 cells at baseline but equivalent CD4 cells 6 to 12 months after therapy. Medians with 95% CIs calculated by bootstrapping are shown.