HSC frequency in ossicle and femur bone marrow measured by in vivo long-term competitive reconstitution assays (n = 3). Bone marrow from PTH-treated ossicles had nearly a 3-fold higher stem cell frequency than the control group (P < .01). The femur bone marrow in the PTH-treated group also displayed a slightly higher of stem cell frequency than the control group. *P < .01. Error bars represent SD.