Figure 7
![Figure 7. Thrombin is sufficient to initiate and amplify immune responses. Hemostatically normal BALB/c were immunized with either intraperitoneal OVA (1 μg; n = 7) or intraperitoneal OVA (1 μg) + thrombin (5 IU; n = 8). Seven days after the last injection, (A) serum samples were analyzed for antibody response to OVA (17.9 ± 5.1 [OVA] vs 169.5 ± 39.7 [OVA + thrombin] μg/mL; **P = .002). (B) Splenic T cells were assayed for the response to OVA. **P = .004. These data indicate that thrombin is sufficient to provide costimulation for the initiation of immune responses to “foreign” proteins.](https://ash.silverchair-cdn.com/ash/content_public/journal/blood/114/21/10.1182_blood-2008-10-186452/4/zh89990944920007.jpeg?Expires=1724275822&Signature=c3wG82inXSSoRu77pIN1hcQIuU6x2dVZQF~v-7r80ICuwHFgY17prAAlusO7B8e0BDNhD4QPq12z4pWJpEq8LPmFTgKZwKCIbRPIkppHHDsV71QU-Z9R2rx1~8J91df4nrUz1e89T5-a4x1~V1xdGktq3iawufy14sjB11w4KLeZ3L95gxyKZfrbvz6WnikYgPdDY9YsLwyn3Vzq8Iikj7HFRbxDOZGbyoEjD3ZCwGcsZX-e9YjUjIXzj-pY2w9F1qpCPbjcP-3G5vuxL2KpXQxImLNTUYOlrCStuw93skuYe-294UTGLZBjrMyde38Z97xGE3MyhoOgZJ3K24WsHg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAIE5G5CRDK6RD3PGA)
Thrombin is sufficient to initiate and amplify immune responses. Hemostatically normal BALB/c were immunized with either intraperitoneal OVA (1 μg; n = 7) or intraperitoneal OVA (1 μg) + thrombin (5 IU; n = 8). Seven days after the last injection, (A) serum samples were analyzed for antibody response to OVA (17.9 ± 5.1 [OVA] vs 169.5 ± 39.7 [OVA + thrombin] μg/mL; **P = .002). (B) Splenic T cells were assayed for the response to OVA. **P = .004. These data indicate that thrombin is sufficient to provide costimulation for the initiation of immune responses to “foreign” proteins.
