Increased HTLV-1 proviral load in DCs of HAM/TSP patients not associated with CD1d expression level. (A) The HTLV-1 proviral load was higher in mDCs (P = .038) and pDCs (P = .053) of HAM/TSP patients (n = 5) than in those of ACs (n = 5). The Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. (B) Correlation analysis of the proviral load in PBMCs of HTLV-1–infected persons (5 ACs and 5 HAM/TSP patients) and that in mDCs (P < .001) and pDCs (P < .001) using Spearman rank correlation test. (C-E) No correlation was found between the proviral load in mDCs or pDCs of HTLV-1–infected persons (3 ACs and 5 HAM/TSP patients) and the expression level of CD1d on mDCs (P = .289; C), CD86 on mDCs (P = .693; D), and HLA-ABC on mDCs (P = .493) and pDCs (P = .823; E) by Spearman rank correlation test.