The attenuation of mTOR and GSK3 affects Th1/Th2 balance. (A) Human MDDCs were pretreated with PPD and LPS with or without rapamycin. CD4⁺ T cells from the same donor were cultured with those MDDCs in the absence of rapamycin. After 1 week of incubation, CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3ϵ and anti-CD28 mAbs for 48 hours and assayed for the production of IFN-γ by ELISA. Data are indicated as median plus or minus SD of duplicate samples. (B) The footpad swelling of L major–infected BALB/c-p85α^−/− mice treated with LiCl (n = 8) or with PBS (n = 6) was monitored on a weekly basis. BALB/c-p85α^+/− mice (n = 5) or C57BL/6-WT mice (n = 2) were used as positive and negative controls for L major infection, respectively. Data are indicated as median plus or minus SD. *P < .05, **P < .01 by Mann-Whitney U test compared with PBS-treated BALB/c-p85α^−/− mice. There was no significant difference in footpad swelling between LiCl-treated BALB/c-p85α^−/− mice and untreated BALB/c-p85α^+/− mice.