Signaling antagonists and their effects on HIV-1 reactivation. NP cells were infected with DHIV and 7 days after infection cells were left untreated or costimulated with antibodies to CD3 and CD28 for 3 days (CD3/CD28) in the presence of the indicated inhibitor for the protein or pathway indicated between parentheses and assessed for intracellular p24 gag expression by flow cytometry. (A) Representative experiment. The percentage of p24-postive cells is indicated in each panel. (B) Box-plots corresponding to 3 different donors. Horizontal lines indicate median values and significance by 2-tailed paired-samples t test analysis (P values provided).