Effect of VEGF-C on ECs.

(A-B) Cultures stimulated by 100 ng/mL VEGF-C. In contrast to VEGF-A, VEGF-C did not induce EC dispersion. (B, inset) Larger magnification (× 2000) shows that VEGF-C–treated ECs become spindlelike (arrow), although EC clusters are maintained. (C) In this culture, addition of mFlt-1-hIgG reduced the size of EC colonies. Addition of exogenous VEGF-C overcomes this suppression in a dose-dependent manner. Concentrations of VEGF-C were 10 ng/mL (panel D), 30 ng/mL (panel E), and 100 ng/mL (panel F). While the size of EC clusters increased, colonies are packed. Scale bar, 200 μm.