Cytokine-induced proliferation of CD34⁺cells.

CD34⁺ cells were plated at 1 × 10⁴ cells/mL with the addition of 100 ng/mL SCF (A), 100 ng/mL IL-3 (B), 100 ng/mL G-CSF (C), 100 ng/mL GM-CSF (D), 5 U/mL EPO (E), or 50 ng/mL TPO (F). The number of cells was counted after 5 to 11 days in culture. ○ (NU-L_PAN⁺) and ● (NU-L_PAN⁻) indicate cells that were cultured with and without the addition of NU-L_PAN, respectively. For all panels, data are represented as the means ± SD (n = 3).