Figure 1.
Figure 1. B-Cell Receptor (BCR) signaling is a critical component of B cell activation, proliferation, survival, and migration in normal as well as malignant B cells. BCR activation, for example after antigen binding, induces CD79A and B immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) phosphorylation and subsequent recruitment of multiple kinases including spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and the SRC family kinases (SFK), LYN, SRC, and BLK. Activation of these kinases initiates the signaling cascade leads to phosphorylation, recruitment, and activation of other important kinases and signaling molecules including Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), phospholipase C-gamma 2 (PLCγ2), protein kinase C (PKC), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). The BCR signaling cascade ultimately leads to activation of multiple pro-survival pathways including ERK, NF-κB, and AKT signaling leading to increased transcriptional activation, proliferation, and migration. SDF-1 indicates stromal cell-derived factor 1; CXCR4, chemokine receptor 4; PIP2, phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate; PIP3, phosphatidylinositol triphosphate; DAG, diacyl-glycerol; IP3, inositol triphosphate; and Ca2+, calcium.

B-Cell Receptor (BCR) signaling is a critical component of B cell activation, proliferation, survival, and migration in normal as well as malignant B cells. BCR activation, for example after antigen binding, induces CD79A and B immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) phosphorylation and subsequent recruitment of multiple kinases including spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and the SRC family kinases (SFK), LYN, SRC, and BLK. Activation of these kinases initiates the signaling cascade leads to phosphorylation, recruitment, and activation of other important kinases and signaling molecules including Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), phospholipase C-gamma 2 (PLCγ2), protein kinase C (PKC), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). The BCR signaling cascade ultimately leads to activation of multiple pro-survival pathways including ERK, NF-κB, and AKT signaling leading to increased transcriptional activation, proliferation, and migration. SDF-1 indicates stromal cell-derived factor 1; CXCR4, chemokine receptor 4; PIP2, phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate; PIP3, phosphatidylinositol triphosphate; DAG, diacyl-glycerol; IP3, inositol triphosphate; and Ca2+, calcium.

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