Genome diagram of KSHV and viral transcripts expressed in KS, PEL, and MCD. There are more than 90 genes in the viral genome, but this diagram only shows those mentioned in this review. The arrows underneath the genome indicate the transcripts expressed in virus-infected cells in the 3 pathologies associated with KSHV. As discussed in the text, the majority of cells are latently infected in KS, PEL, and MCD, whereas there is a higher rate of lytically infected cells in MCD than in KS or PEL. The vIRF-3/K10.5/LANA-2 transcript appears to be expressed only in KSHV-infected B cells, as found in PEL and MCD. Used with permission from Schulz et al.⁴