Mesenchymal potential of AGM- and YS-derived FACs. (A) FACs expanded from both AGM and YS can differentiate to osteoblasts with alkaline phosphatase activity (middle column) and mineral deposition (right column). Left column shows von Kossa staining of noninduced FACs. (B) Oil-red-O staining of noninduced FACs (left column) and induced adipocytes from FACs (right column) of BM, AGM, and YS. (C) Whereas AGM-derived FACs demonstrate chondrogenic potential, as shown by type II collagen immunostaining (left column), Alcian blue staining (middle column), and safranin O staining (right column), YS-derived FACs fail to generate chondrocytes in vitro. (D) The mRNA expression of genes specific for osteogenesis (osteopontin and osteocalcin), adipogenesis (PPARγ2 and FAB4), and chondrogenesis (COL II and aggrecan) are determined by RT-PCR. Lane 1 shows noninduced MPCs; lane 2, induced MPCs. PPARγ2 indicates peroxisome proliferation–activated receptor γ2; FAB4, fatty acid–binding protein 4; OPN, osteopontin; OCN, osteocalcin; and COL II, type II collagen. Original magnification: (A,B) ×100; (C) ×200.