Bmx increases TNF and IL-6 mRNA stabilization via 2 distinct downstream pathways. (A) Macrophages were left uninfected or infected with Ad0 and AdBmx as before and left untreated or preincubated with SB203580 (1 μM). TNF and IL-6 production was assessed by ELISA. Values (mean ± SEM) are presented as percent compared with LPS-treated uninfected controls (100%). Statistical significance was assessed using Student ttest. n.s., not significant (*P< .05; ***P< .001). (B) Macrophages were left uninfected or infected with Ad0 and AdBmx as before. Cells were stimulated with LPS (10 ng/mL) for 4 hours before addition of actinomycin D (2 μg/mL). TNF and IL-6 mRNA levels at 0, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after addition of actinomycin D were assessed by real-time PCR. Values (mean ± SEM) for 4 separate donors are shown normalized to time 0 of actinomycin D addition (100%) (**P< .01). (C) Macrophages were left uninfected or infected with Ad0 and AdBmx as before and left untreated or preincubated with SB203580 (1 μM). TNF and IL-6 mRNA levels at 1 and 2 hours after addition of actinomycin D in the presence or absence of SB203580 (1 μM) were assessed by real-time PCR. Values (mean ± SEM) for 4 separate donors are shown normalized to time 0 of actinomycin D addition (100%). Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison test (*P< .05; **P< .01).