Cardiovascular, retroperitoneal, and lung images of ECD patients. (A) Sagittal reconstruction postcontrast CT demonstrates encasement of the thoracic aorta down to the bifurcation. (B) Coronal FDG PET-CT scan showing increased FDG uptake in the thoracic and abdominal aorta. Symmetrically encased kidneys “hairy kidney” showing increased FDG uptake. (C) Axial CT with contrast demonstrates mass-like enhancement encasing the kidneys symmetrically (“hairy kidney”). In addition, there is circumferential encasement and narrowing of the abdominal aorta (arrow). (D) Cardiac CT showing partial encasement of the right coronary artery. (E) Cardiac CT showing partial encasement of the right coronary artery. (F) Axial postcontrast CT image of the upper abdomen demonstrating mass-like perinephric stranding surrounding the kidneys with bilateral hydronephrosis. Hyperdense material within the right collecting system is a ureteral stent. (G) Postcontrast coronal MRI image of the kidneys demonstrating extension of the perinephric mass into the adrenal bed and encasement of the adrenals (arrows). (H) High-resolution CT of the chest showing interstitial fibrosis.