Treatment with all 4 concentrations of UFH or LMWH, but not NAC, reduced cell growth of DCN-reduced TIME cells. The effect on TIME-cell proliferation after 48 hours of incubation with DCN siRNA or Mock/NC incubated in 4 concentrations of different heparins was determined using the xCELLigence system. Representative images from the xCELLigence output are also shown for each heparin used, where the y-axis represents the cell index and the x-axis shows the time in minutes. (A) A representative graph showing the cell index of TIME cells treated with DCN siRNA or Mock/NC incubated with 0.15, 0.35, 0.5, and 1.0 IU of UFH over 48 hours in culture. ****P < .00001 (significant); n = 9; 1-way ANOVA. The y-axis represents the cell index at 48 hours. (B) The results after incubation with 0.15, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.2 IU of LMWH. ***P < .0001, ****P < .00001 (both significant); n = 9; 1-way ANOVA. The y-axis represents the cell index at 48 hours. (C) Treatment with 0.15, 0.4, 0.6, and 1.1 IU of NAC and cell growth in Mock/NC and DCN-reduced cells. *P < .05, **P < .001, ***P < .0001 (all significant); n = 9; 1-way ANOVA. The y-axis represents the cell index at 48 hours.