Evidence that the magnitude of hyperfiltration phase correlates with kidney injury only in male, but not female, HbSS mice. (A) The degree of rise in GFR from 8 to 12 weeks (ΔGFR) in male HbAA and HbSS mice. (B) The degree of rise in GFR from 8 to 20 weeks in (ΔGFR) female HbAA and HbSS mice. (C) Correlation of glomerular hyperfiltration (ΔGFR) with urinary protein excretion at 32 weeks of age in male and female HbSS mice. (D) Urinary protein excretion at 32 weeks of age in male HbSS mice with the magnitude of glomerular hyperfiltration <60 μL/min and >60 μL/min. (E) Urinary protein excretion at 32 weeks of age in female HbSS mice with the magnitude of glomerular hyperfiltration <60 μL/min and >60 μL/min. (F) Correlation of glomerular hyperfiltration (ΔGFR) with urinary albumin excretion at 32 weeks of age in male and female HbSS mice. (G) Urinary albumin excretion at 32 weeks of age in male HbSS mice with the magnitude of glomerular hyperfiltration <60 μL/min and >60 μL/min. (H) Urinary albumin excretion at 32 weeks of age in female HbSS mice with the magnitude of glomerular hyperfiltration <60 μL/min and >60 μL/min. (I) Correlation of glomerular hyperfiltration (ΔGFR) with GFR at 32 weeks of age in male and female HbSS mice. (J) GFR at 32 weeks of age in male HbSS mice with the magnitude of glomerular hyperfiltration <60 μL/min and >60 μL/min. (K) GFR at 32 weeks of age in female HbSS mice with the magnitude of glomerular hyperfiltration <60 μL/min and >60 μL/min. (L) Correlation of glomerular hyperfiltration (ΔGFR) with plasma creatinine at 32 weeks of age in male and female HbSS mice. (M) Plasma creatinine at 32 weeks of age in male HbSS mice with the magnitude of glomerular hyperfiltration <60 μL/min and >60 μL/min. (N) Plasma creatinine at 32 weeks of age in female HbSS mice with the magnitude of glomerular hyperfiltration <60 μL/min and >60 μL/min. Data are mean ± SEM; *P < .05 vs ΔGFR <60; **P < .05 vs HbAA mice. Analysis by linear regression (C,F,I,L) or unpaired Student t test (A-B,D-E,G-H,J-K,M-N).