LiCl increases subcutaneous myeloma growth. Treatment with LiCl significantly increased subcutaneous tumor volume (A) and serum IgG_2bκ concentrations (B). Immunohistochemistry staining of sections from subcutaneous tumors demonstrated an increase in β-catenin expression in myeloma cells from those mice treated with LiCl. Original magnification, ×400 (C). Real-time PCR demonstrated an increase in axin2 expression in mRNA isolated from subcutaneous tumors treated with LiCl (D). Data are expressed as means (± SEM). *P < .05 compared with untreated control.