Expression of APOBEC3 family genes during monocyte differentiation to macrophages. (A) Mean (± SEM) gene-expression level in S10 units (similar to log base 10 units) over 3 donors for 3 APOBEC3 family genes (A,G,F) in monocytes (Mono), dendritic cells (imDC), and macrophages (Mac). *P < .001 between monocyte hA3A and DCs or macrophage hA3A. (B) By RT-PCR, monocyte, DC, and macrophage expression of APOBEC3G and 3A in a representative donor. GAPDH was used as a control gene. (C) Protein levels of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3A were monitored in monocytes, DCs, and macrophages by Western blot using specific antibodies with GAPDH as the loading control.