Clinical and biological significance of HAS. (A-D) Kaplan-Meier curves for OS (upper panels) and EFS (lower panels) in all patients with AML (A), and patients with favorable (B), intermediate (C), and adverse (D) ELN risk stratified by the HAS, with the most obvious prognostic discrimination used as the cutoff value. (E) Comparison of age, WBC, HGB, PLT count, and BM blasts at diagnosis between high and low HAS groups. (F) Comparison of the proportion of WHO-defined entities between high and low HAS groups. (G) Heat map demonstrating the enrichment of known aging-associated pathways in AML, including aging hallmarks, epigenetic gene sets, and our previously reported enriched pathways with age relevance. The HAS group and clinical features of patients are annotated below the heat map. Each column represents a patient.