Correlation between disease immunology, disease risk, and clinical treatment response. Patients were stratified into low/intermediate risk (FLIPI 1-2) and high risk (FLIPI ≥3) and correlation with immune profile explored across (A) PD-1⁺ Tregs, (B) PD-1⁺4-1BB⁺ CD8 T cells, and (C) TIM3⁺ NK cells. (D) Correlation between HLA-DR⁺ Tregs and POD24. (E) Patients were classified into sustained CR (achieved a CR by PET-CT4, which was maintained to PET-CT5 without evidence of relapse) and PR/PD (all other patients). (F) PD-1 expression across CD4, CD8, and Tregs stratified by durable response. Correlation between durability of response and immune profile over time for (G) Tregs, (H) CD62L⁺ Tregs, and (I) CD62L⁺ naïve CD8 T cells. A Mann-Whitney U test was performed for statistical analyses. ∗P < .05; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001; ∗∗∗∗P < .0001.