OSMR is secreted by stromal cells in AML. (A) Kaplan-Meier OS curve of OSMR high and low group for patients with both transcriptomic and proteomic profiling (n = 21). (B) Enriched HALLMARK pathways based on ranked gene list. (C) Volcano plot showing differentially expressed proteins between OSMR high and low group in discovery cohort, prospective cohort, and PMCC cohort, respectively. (D) Expression of OSM, LIFR6, OSMR, and IL6ST on subtypes of HSPCs and MSCs in healthy samples. (E) OSM-OSMR/IL6ST/LIFR interaction between subtypes of HSPCs and MSCs. (F) Percent of cells positive for surface OSMR expression by flow cytometry comparing AML blasts and AML MSCs. (G) Multiplex immunofluorescence of AML bone marrow tissue reveals OSMR expression in MSCs, with minimal expression in leukemic cells. This figure depicts an individual cores stained using Opal multiplexed immunohistochemistry showing a representative micrograph of a patient with de novo, treatment-naïve CD34+ AML at diagnosis. OSMR expression (green) is prominent in CXCL12+ MSCs (red) but minimal in CD34+ leukemic cells (magenta). DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; blue) serves as a nuclear counterstain. Scale bar, 50 μm. (H) Soluble OSMR concentration from culture of AML blasts vs AML MSCs. Adipo-MSC, adipose-derived MSC; APOD+, apolipoprotein-D positive; CLP, common lymphoid progenitor; FC, fold change; GMP, granulocyte-monocyte progenitor; hOSMR, human OSMR; HSC, hematopoietic stem cell; HSPC, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell; MEP, megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor; MPP, multipotent progenitor; NES, normalized enrichment score; NS, not significant; osteo, osteoid; Padj, adjusted P value; Pval, P value.