Overall microbial composition (β-diversity) associates with prolonged neutropenia and neutrophil chemokines. PCoA plots of interindividual dissimilarities in microbial composition (β-diversity) based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarities. (A) Microbial β-diversity assessed in relation to the treatment day. (B) β-diversity on day 1 in patients compared with healthy siblings. (C) β-diversity on day 29 was assessed in relation to neutropenia status on day 36. (D-F) β-diversity at day 29 assessed in relation to same-day levels of CXCL1 (D), CXCL8 (E), and G-CSF (F) all dichotomized by the median. P values correspond to permutational multivariate analysis of variance tests. PC, principal component.