The engraftment-derived hematopoietic cells retain the genetic and morphologic profiles of the donor cells. (A) Whole-exome DNA sequencing of engraftment-derived hematopoietic cells from day 10 after engraftment. Three patients with MDS with the indicated mutations during diagnosis were analyzed. (B) Prussian blue staining of the bone marrow smear sample from patient B2 during diagnosis. (C) Wright-Giemsa staining of the cytospin sample from organoids on day 10 after engraftment with CD34⁺ HSPCs from patient B2. (D) Prussian blue staining of the cytospin sample from organoids on day 10 after engraftment with CD34⁺ HSPCs from patient B2. Scale bars, 10 μm. ND, not detected; VAF, variant allele frequency.