Term/SenL clonal expansion skewing associates with nonresponse to therapy. (A) UMAP color-coded by clonal frequency ranges: hyperexpanded (100 < X ≤ 500), large (20 < X ≤ 100), medium (5 < X ≤ 20), small (1 < X ≤ 5), not expanded (0 < X ≤ 1). (B) UMAP color-coded by CD8⁺ subsets, split by group (NonRes and Res); contours indicate clonally expanded cells (at least 30 cells with the same clonotype). Dashed lines show most clonally expanded cells in NonRes (left) and Res (right). (C) Stacked plot showing cell count for each cluster in specific clonal frequency ranges for NonRes/Res groups and time points (bas and post). Colors indicate the clonal frequencies. (D) Scatterplot showing the expansion index and the NeoTCR8 index of CD8⁺ T-cell subsets. Dot size represents cell count in log10 scale. (E) Stacked plot from published data sets (Lasry et al³⁰ and Penter et al²⁷; in-silico validation) showing cell counts for clusters assigned to specific clonal frequency ranges for AML and HD groups. (F) Latent time trajectories computed using PAGA, predicting transitions between the CD8⁺ subsets. (G) UMAP plots showing the clonotype network interactions for Act, Int, and Term/SenL, indicating relative proportion of clones from starting node to ending node. (H) Line plots showing clonal expansion of the largest T-cell clones (hyperexpanded and large) along the Slingshot-computed differentiation trajectories. (I) Dot plot showing gene ontology biological process (GO BP) enrichment analysis for Early Tm, Int, Act, naïve, and Term/SenL. (J) Point-range plot showing pairwise (Res vs NonRes after treatment) proportional difference (Monte Carlo/permutation test) for each CD8⁺ T-cell subset. The colors indicate the statistical significance (red, FDR < 0.05; blue, FDR ≥ 0.05); the vertical dashed lines mark the absolute value of log2FD cutoff for significance. bas, baseline; post, post-induction therapy.