Identification of 4 main CD8⁺ T-cell subsets and their different proportions across different groups (HD, Res, and NonRes). (A) UMAP colored by the annotated CD8⁺ T-cell subsets. (B) Heatmap showing the top 10 DEGs (green) and custom markers (violet) across the 4 CD8⁺ T-cell subsets. (C) UMAP colored by the annotated CD8⁺ T-cell subsets (large scale scRNAseq data set). (D) Feature plots of CD8⁺ T-cell states signatures from B (large scale scRNAseq data set; Lasry et al,³⁰ Penter et al,²⁷ Abbas et al,⁴ and Dufva et al²³). (E) UMAP colored by CD8⁺ T-cell subsets defined in A and split by group (HD, NonRes, and Res). (F) UMAP of CD8⁺ T cells colored by density and split by group (NonRes, and Res) and time points (bas and post). Dashed lines indicate a Term/SenL area that increases with blasts persistence (G) Boxplots showing the proportion (y-axis) of each CD8⁺ T-cell subset across the three groups (HD, NonRes, and Res). DA testing was performed using propeller.anova from the speckle R package. (H) Dot plot visualization of the CD8⁺ T-cell subsets correlated with either Res (red) or NonRes (blue) status. Correlation was computed with rcna R package. Size of dots indicates the statistical significance (large dot, FDR < 0.05; small dot, FDR ≥ 0.05). Bas, baseline; post, post-induction therapy.