Select regulators of the fetal-to-adult hemoglobin switch. The β-globin locus on chromosome 11 is shown with the LCR and developmentally arrayed β-like globin genes. Activators are noted above and repressors (direct and indirect) are noted below. Both NF-Y and BAF also activate adult globins. Developmentally controlled factors with differential expression between fetal and adult tissues are indicated. Regulators with the most advanced targeted therapies are highlighted in yellow. Dotted lines indicate direct posttranscriptional regulation and dashed lines indicate indirect control.