Emergence of exhausted monocytes with unique intercellular interactions in SS. (A) UMAP plot demonstrating 3 clusters of monocytes. Cells are color coded by clusters. (B) Bar plots enumerating the proportion of monocytes in the indicated cluster for patients with MF and SS. (C) Box plots comparing enrichment scores for the indicated phenotype among cells in the indicated cluster. Center line, median; box limits, upper and lower quartiles. ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗∗P < .0001 by 2-tailed t test with Bonferroni multiple comparisons correction. (D) UMAP plots showing the expression of selected surface markers in all monocyte clusters. (E) Dot plot of the predicted interactions between monocytes and the indicated immune cell types. P values are indicated by the circle sizes, as shown in the scale on the bottom right (permutation test). The means of the average expression level of each interacting molecules are indicated by the color. (F) Cartoon depicting the potential receptor/ligand interactions between monocytes and other types of peripheral immune cells. ns, nonsignificant.