Figure 1.
Schematic overview of the glycolytic pathway in RBCs. 2,3-DPG (2,3-diphosphoglycerate) is generated using the Rapoport-Luebering shunt, a metabolic bypass. Another metabolic bypass is the hexose monophosphate shunt, a primary source of antioxidants (glutathione–mediated reactive oxygen species defence) in RBCs. PK activators (mitapivat or etavopivat) enhance activity of PK, increasing the glycolytic flux, generating ATP while reducing 2,3-DPG levels, both of which are antisickling effects. The glycolytic pathway invests 2 molecules of ATP to generate 4 molecules of ATP, a net gain of 2 ATP per unit of glucose. GSH, glutathione; GSSG, glutathione disulfide; NADP, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NADPH, reduced NADP. Figure created by Alan Hoofring, National Institutes of Health.

Schematic overview of the glycolytic pathway in RBCs. 2,3-DPG (2,3-diphosphoglycerate) is generated using the Rapoport-Luebering shunt, a metabolic bypass. Another metabolic bypass is the hexose monophosphate shunt, a primary source of antioxidants (glutathione–mediated reactive oxygen species defence) in RBCs. PK activators (mitapivat or etavopivat) enhance activity of PK, increasing the glycolytic flux, generating ATP while reducing 2,3-DPG levels, both of which are antisickling effects. The glycolytic pathway invests 2 molecules of ATP to generate 4 molecules of ATP, a net gain of 2 ATP per unit of glucose. GSH, glutathione; GSSG, glutathione disulfide; NADP, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NADPH, reduced NADP. Figure created by Alan Hoofring, National Institutes of Health.

Close Modal
This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal