G-CSF and AMD3100 treatment yields insufficient mobilization of human HSCs into the PB. (A) Schematic of generating humanized mouse models and G-CSF + AMD3100 treatment for human HSC mobilization. (B-D) Numbers of human CD34⁺, CD34⁺CD38^low, CD34⁺CD90⁺ cells in the BM of 1 femur. (E-F) Numbers of human CD34⁺, CD34⁺CD38^low, CD34⁺CD90⁺ cells per μL of blood. (NSG: Control, n = 4; G-CSF + AMD3100, n = 10; NBSGW: Control, n = 7; G-CSF + AMD3100, n = 14.) Error bars indicate SD. Welch t test, ∗P < .05; ns, not significant.