Coagulation system defects associated with hemorrhagic fever-causing arenaviruses. (A) aPTT expressed in seconds. (B) PT expressed in seconds. (C) Fibrinogen concentration in g/L. (D) D-dimer levels in ng/mL. (E) Thrombin time expressed in seconds. Mean values for infected animals (MACV in magenta, GTOV in green, LASV AV in blue, and LASV Josiah in red) are presented with error bars for SEM. The base value for each parameter is presented as the mean of all values from 3 mock-infected animals and the value at the day of challenge of 24 animals. The continuous black line represents the mean and dotted line the SEM. Asterisks indicate a statistically significant difference with the base level according to a 2-tailed Mann-Whitney test (∗P < .05; ∗∗P < .005; ∗∗∗P < .0005). Tests were done for values at 4, 8, 11, and 12 DPI. Number of animals: 3 MACV-infected, 3 GTOV-infected animals, 12 LASV Josiah-infected and 6 LASV AV-infected animals. SEM, standard error of the mean.