Therapeutic algorithm for patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL. (a) For transplant-eligible patients, depending on the time point of relapse, either an anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy (using axicabtagene ciloleucel or lisocabtagene maraleucel) or platin-based induction followed by high-dose therapy (HDT) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) represents the standard approach (*within 12 months after completion of first-line therapy). (b) For transplant-ineligible patients, chemoimmunotherapy, antibody drug conjugates, and chemotherapy-free regimens represent potential therapeutic options in second line. Third-line therapy using anti-CD19–directed CAR-T represents a potentially curative option for eligible patients.