Each monocytic class exhibits distinct phenotypes upon bacterial infection. (A-F) Bar graphs showing each class of primary murine monocytes have varying capacities to perform monocytic functions (n = 4 independent experiments, in triplicate technical replicates). Killing assays, cytokine production enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and ROS assays were performed in vitro. Bacterial uptake refers to cells taking up dead bacteria, whereas phagocytosis is the ingestion of heat-killed bacteria. Bacterial uptake and phagocytosis were performed in vivo. (G) Heatmap summarizing in vitro and in vivo functional assays of primary murine monocytes. (H-I) Bar graphs showing each class of human peripheral blood monocytes (using gating strategy of class monocytes in Figure 4I. Classical monocytes: CD235^–, LIN^–, CD45⁺, CD11B⁺, HLA-DR⁺, CD15^–, CD14⁺, and CD16^–. Intermediate monocytes: CD235^–, LIN^–, CD45⁺, CD11B⁺, HLA-DR⁺, CD15^–, CD14⁺, and CD16⁺. Nonclassical monocytes: CD235^–, LIN^–, CD45⁺, CD11B⁺, HLA-DR⁺, CD15^–, CD14^–, and CD16⁺. Neutrophils: CD235^–, LIN^–, CD45⁺, CD11B⁺, HLA-DR⁺, and CD15⁺) have varying capacities to phagocytose in vitro (n = 2 independent experiments, using 2-3 donors each experiment in duplicate technical replicates). A mixed model analysis of variance was used for the statistical test. ∗P < .05; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .005. Statistical tests were performed within classes 1 to 4 monocytes or controls.