Efficacy of combined SUMO and proteasome inhibition in vivo and in primary MM cells. (A) Average tumor volume over time in nude mice injected with 1 × 107 JJN3 or OPM2 cells. After tumor engraftment, mice were treated with either vehicle, subasumstat (25 mg/kg), CFZ (2 mg/kg), or the combination thereof for 7 days. P values were determined by unpaired t test. (B) Histogram showing the number of mice that lost >10% body weight (but <20%, which was the exclusion criterion) for each treatment group during the in vivo xenograft experiment. (C) Bar diagram of Annexin V staining of 5 primary MM patient samples treated with dimethyl sulfoxide, 250 nM subasumstat, 5 nM CFZ, or the combination thereof. ∗P ≤ .05, ∗∗P ≤ .01. d0, day 0; Suba, subasumstat.
