TKI-persistent CML stem cells upregulate glycolysis and TCA cycle-related signatures and metabolically adapt via HIF1A activity. Other intrinsic and extrinsic pathways that can be potentially targeted (dotted lines) to block either the source of metabolic adaptation (ie, from the BM microenvironment [FAO, AAO]) or HIF1A signaling/stabilization (via hypoxia) and DNA, RNA, and histone hypermethylation are depicted. AAO, amino acid oxidation; ADP, adenosine diphosphate; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; FAO, fatty acid oxidation; MSC, mesenchymal stromal cell. Professional illustration by Somersault18:24.