Schematic representation of the molecular mechanisms that lead to parenchymal iron loading in inherited anemias associated with ineffective erythropoiesis, the so-called “iron-loading anemias.” The most representative iron-loading anemias are nontransfusion-dependent β-thalassemia, inherited sideroblastic anemias, and congenital dyserythropoietic anemias. Professional illustration by Somersault18:24.