Microbiome dysbiosis and febrile neutropenia. (A-B) Comparisons of the relative abundance at the phylum and family levels between patients who did and did not experience febrile neutropenia and healthy controls. (C) Comparisons of the relative abundance at the family level between patients who did and did not experience febrile neutropenia. (D-E) Alpha and beta diversity analysis of the characteristics of patients with and without febrile neutropenia and healthy controls. (F) Heat map shows genera with significant differences between healthy controls and patients with DLBCL. The range of colors indicates log-fold changes in genera abundance from that observed in the healthy controls, with a color range from red, which indicates greater abundance in patients with DLBCL, to blue, which indicates less abundance in patients with DLBCL. Boxes marked with a circle show a significant difference between patients who did and did not experience febrile neutropenia. (G) At the species level, the LEfSe analysis shows the abundance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in patients with febrile neutropenia. Asterisks indicate significant differences identified using the 2-tailed Mann-Whitney U test; ∗P < .05; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001. FN, febrile neutropenia; HC, healthy controls; ns, not significant.