Induction of DUSP5 by the combination of DNA demethylating agents and EZH2 inhibitors. (A) DUSP5 gene expression in HTLV-1–infected cell lines and ATL cell lines treated with the indicated compounds. Differences were tested using the Student t test. (B) DUSP5 protein amounts were determined by western blotting after treatment with the indicated compounds: 0.5 μM OR21, 2.5 μM EPZ, 0.5 μM AZA, 0.5 μM DAC, and 0.25 μM DS for MT-1; 0.1 μM OR21, 0.5 μM EPZ, 0.1 μM AZA, 0.1 μM DAC, and 0.05 μM DS for TL-Om1 cells. (C) DNA methylation levels around the DUSP5 promoter region (at TSS1500-shore as indicated in Figure 3G) of cells treated with OR21 and/or EPZ.