Figure 1.
Active TGF-β1 levels are upregulated significantly in the bone marrow of AML patients with early relapse after allo-HSCT. (A) Kaplan-Meier analyses of overall survival rates of AML patients from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis dataset according to TGF-β1 expression levels. High TGF-β1 expression (n = 87); Low TGF-β1 expression (n = 86). Median value was used as the cutoff. P value was calculated by log-rank test. (B) Representative confocal microscopy images showing the levels of active TGF-β1 in BMMCs isolated from AML patients with early relapse (left) or without relapse (right) after allo-HSCT. Scale bar, 50 μm. (C) Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of active TGF-β1 in randomly selected single BMMCs from AML patients with early relapse (red; n = 5 patients) or without relapse (blue; n = 7 patients). Each dot represents MFI of active TGF-β1 in a single cell of the 2 groups; the number of cells were 65 and 31, respectively. (D) Western blotting analysis showing the levels of active TGF-β1 in the BMMCs of AML patients with early relapse (n = 3) or without relapse (n = 3). (E) ELISA or cytometric bead array results showing the levels of total TGF-β1, active TGF-β1, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4, and IFN-γ in the bone marrow of AML patients with early relapse (n = 16) or without relapse (n = 22). (F) Representative immunohistochemistry images showing the staining intensity for active TGF-β1 in bone marrow biopsy samples from AML patients with early relapse or without relapse. Scale bars, 100 μm. (G) Functional enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes between control and active TGF-β1-treated NK cells indicating the most enriched biological processes. (H) Heat maps show normalized expression levels of genes regulating NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity (left) and NK cell activation (right) in purified BMNK cells pretreated with dimethyl sulfoxide (solvent control), latent TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL), or active TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL). Each column depicts 1 sample. The data in C and E were analyzed by 2-tailed unpaired t-test; ∗P < .05; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001; ∗∗∗∗P < .0001. Data are represented as means ± standard deviation.

Active TGF-β1 levels are upregulated significantly in the bone marrow of AML patients with early relapse after allo-HSCT. (A) Kaplan-Meier analyses of overall survival rates of AML patients from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis dataset according to TGF-β1 expression levels. High TGF-β1 expression (n = 87); Low TGF-β1 expression (n = 86). Median value was used as the cutoff. P value was calculated by log-rank test. (B) Representative confocal microscopy images showing the levels of active TGF-β1 in BMMCs isolated from AML patients with early relapse (left) or without relapse (right) after allo-HSCT. Scale bar, 50 μm. (C) Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of active TGF-β1 in randomly selected single BMMCs from AML patients with early relapse (red; n = 5 patients) or without relapse (blue; n = 7 patients). Each dot represents MFI of active TGF-β1 in a single cell of the 2 groups; the number of cells were 65 and 31, respectively. (D) Western blotting analysis showing the levels of active TGF-β1 in the BMMCs of AML patients with early relapse (n = 3) or without relapse (n = 3). (E) ELISA or cytometric bead array results showing the levels of total TGF-β1, active TGF-β1, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4, and IFN-γ in the bone marrow of AML patients with early relapse (n = 16) or without relapse (n = 22). (F) Representative immunohistochemistry images showing the staining intensity for active TGF-β1 in bone marrow biopsy samples from AML patients with early relapse or without relapse. Scale bars, 100 μm. (G) Functional enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes between control and active TGF-β1-treated NK cells indicating the most enriched biological processes. (H) Heat maps show normalized expression levels of genes regulating NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity (left) and NK cell activation (right) in purified BMNK cells pretreated with dimethyl sulfoxide (solvent control), latent TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL), or active TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL). Each column depicts 1 sample. The data in C and E were analyzed by 2-tailed unpaired t-test; ∗P < .05; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001; ∗∗∗∗P < .0001. Data are represented as means ± standard deviation.

Close Modal
This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal