EV expressing PDL-1 may reduce macrophage phagocytosis. (A) Lower EV numbers and PD-L1 expression in tumors with a functional TP53 pathway may modestly, but not completely, reduce macrophage function. (B) However PD-L1/PD-1 axis inhibition (red cross), fully maximized macrophage phagocytic activity. (C) In contrast, cells with a TP53 mutation produced more EVs expressing PD-L1, which blocked macrophage phagocytosis to a greater extent. (D) However, when the PD-L1/PD-1 axis was inhibited (red X), ADCP was fully restored in lymphoma models with TP53 mutations, whereas WT cells remained unaffected.