scRNA-seq analysis of immune cells from nonprogressive MBL patients and CLL patients. (A) PBMCs from 2 serial samples were collected for 3 patients with MBL and 7 with CLL. (B) Non-CD19⁺CD5⁺ cells were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. UMAP visualization of all immune cells colored by immune cell type (top) and CLL or MBL assignment (bottom). (C) Proportion of immune cell types per time point in patients with MBL or CLL. (D) Proportion of T-cell types per time point in patients with MBL or CLL. Cell percentages were calculated after the number of cell from all samples. CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocyte; DC, dendritic cell; gdT, γ-δ T (cells); ILC, innate lymphoid cell; MAIT, mucosa-associated invariant T (cells); Mono, monocyte; NK, natural killer (cell); pDC, plasmacytoid dendritic cell; T, T cell; TCM, central memory T (cell); TEM, effector memory T (cell); Treg, regulatory T (cells).