NeuCs-XL accumulate in sites of infection in vivo. (A) A scheme of in vivo imaging of neutrophil-like cells from expandable neutrophil-primed progenitors enhanced by BCL-XL (NeuCs-XL), using Luc2-expressing NeuCs-XL in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation model. IP injection of LPS was followed by IP injection of Luc2-expressing NeuCs-XL. (B) White blood cell (WBC) count in peripheral blood 24 hours after the IP injection of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or LPS. Means of 4 mice in each group. Statistical significance was calculated using a Student t test. ***P = .0004. (C) In vivo imaging of Luc2-expressing NeuCs-XL in LPS-induced inflammation model 1, 24, and 48 hours after their IP injection. (D) Maximum of total flux in the region of interest of mice IP injected with PBS or LPS, followed by Luc2-expressing NeuCs-XL injection. Means ± standard deviation (SD) of 3 mice in each group. Statistical significance was calculated using a Student t test. **P = .0015. (E) Total flux count in the region of interest of mice IP injected with PBS or LPS, followed by Luc2-expressing NeuCs-XL injection. Data were shown 1, 24, and 48 hours after Luc2-expressing NeuCs-XL injection. Means ± SD of 3 mice in each group. ND, not detected. (F) A scheme of in vivo imaging of Luc2-expressing NeuCs-XL and the model of chronic biofilm infection with subcutaneous implantation of the catheters containing S aureus. (G) Catheters containing S aureus were subcutaneously transplanted into both sides of the back in NSG mice. The figure shows chronic infection 7 days after transplantation. (H) In vivo imaging of Lus2-expressing NeuCs-XL in the model of chronic biofilm infection 5, 30, 60, and 120 minutes after IV injection of NeuCs-XL.