Orthotopic coadministration of patient-matched BM MSCs together with AML blasts does not enhance BM engraftment levels but favors peripheralization of engrafted AML cells. (A) Experimental design. (B) Kinetics of risk-stratified AML engraftment in BM at 6, 12, and 18 weeks in the presence or absence of patient-matched BM MSCs. Each point represents the mean (±SEM) of 36 to 40 mice. (C) Kaplan-Meier curves depicting 18-week EFS of mice transplanted with risk-stratified AML samples with or without BM MSCs (n = 28 AML samples; n = 224 mice). (D) Kinetics of risk-stratified AML engraftment in PB at 6, 12, and 18 weeks in the presence or absence of patient-matched BM MSCs. Each point represents the mean (±SEM) of 36 to 40 mice. (E) Blast infiltration in spleen and liver at euthanization for risk-stratified AML in the presence or absence of patient-matched BM MSCs. Data are mean ± SEM. *P < .05, unpaired Student t test. D, day; IBMT, intra-BM transplantation; ns, not significant; W, week.