Deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in MDS. Schematic overview proposing chronic activation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote transformation of MDS to AML (A) and underlie dyserythropoiesis in MDS (B), leading to anemia (C) and triggering stress erythropoiesis by healthy HSPCs and stroma that remain present in the BM (D), which is also promoted by canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Manipulation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling in MDS may therefore, in parallel, alter stress erythropoiesis and increase anemia severity.