Management algorithm: scenarios of a patient with immune-mediated cytopenia at the hematology clinic without known IEI (left panel) or with a previously known IEI and manifestation of cytopenia at the immunodeficiency clinic (right panel). AI, autoimmune; BMF, bone marrow failure; HSCT, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; IEI, inborn error of immunity; IRD, immune regulatory disorder/immune dysregulation; TOX, infection- or drug-mediated myelotoxicity.