ORs (95% CIs) for overall VTE and subgroups according to quartiles of plasma levels of GDF-15
| Quartiles of GDF-15 (pg/mL) . | Controls . | Cases . | OR (95% CI) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 . | Model 2 . | Model 3 . | |||
| Overall VTE | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 74 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 113 | 1.63 (1.14-2.35) | 1.67 (1.16-2.41) | 1.63 (1.13-2.35) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 102 | 1.59 (1.08-2.36) | 1.67 (1.12-2.51) | 1.59 (1.06-2.39) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 127 | 2.05 (1.37-3.08) | 2.24 (1.46-3.43) | 2.07 (1.35-3.19) |
| Ptrend | .002 | .001 | .003 | ||
| DVT | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 46 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 73 | 1.74 (1.13-2.68) | 1.75 (1.13-2.70) | 1.70 (1.10-2.64) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 66 | 1.71 (1.07-2.72) | 1.76 (1.09-2.85) | 1.68 (1.04-2.73) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 74 | 2.00 (1.23-3.26) | 2.13 (1.28-3.54) | 1.99 (1.19-3.33) |
| Ptrend | .015 | .009 | .023 | ||
| PE | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 28 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 40 | 1.48 (0.87-2.53) | 1.54 (0.89-2.66) | 1.49 (0.86-2.58) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 36 | 1.42 (0.79-2.54) | 1.54 (0.85-2.80) | 1.43 (0.78-2.62) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 53 | 2.14 (1.19-3.86) | 2.38 (1.29-4.39) | 2.15 (1.16-4.00) |
| Ptrend | .016 | .008 | .023 | ||
| Provoked VTE | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 38 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 71 | 1.93 (1.22-3.03) | 1.96 (1.24-3.10) | 1.92 (1.21-3.05) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 53 | 1.50 (0.91-2.48) | 1.56 (0.94-2.61) | 1.51 (0.90-2.52) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 79 | 2.27 (1.36-3.78) | 2.37 (1.40-4.02) | 2.25 (1.32-3.84) |
| Ptrend | .011 | .009 | .018 | ||
| Unprovoked VTE | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 36 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 42 | 1.32 (0.80-2.18) | 1.33 (0.80-2.22) | 1.29 (0.77-2.15) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 49 | 1.75 (1.03-2.95) | 1.83 (1.07-3.16) | 1.70 (0.98-2.95) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 48 | 1.82 (1.05-3.17) | 2.05 (1.15-3.66) | 1.83 (1.02-3.30) |
| Ptrend | .024 | .010 | .033 | ||
| Quartiles of GDF-15 (pg/mL) . | Controls . | Cases . | OR (95% CI) . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 . | Model 2 . | Model 3 . | |||
| Overall VTE | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 74 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 113 | 1.63 (1.14-2.35) | 1.67 (1.16-2.41) | 1.63 (1.13-2.35) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 102 | 1.59 (1.08-2.36) | 1.67 (1.12-2.51) | 1.59 (1.06-2.39) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 127 | 2.05 (1.37-3.08) | 2.24 (1.46-3.43) | 2.07 (1.35-3.19) |
| Ptrend | .002 | .001 | .003 | ||
| DVT | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 46 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 73 | 1.74 (1.13-2.68) | 1.75 (1.13-2.70) | 1.70 (1.10-2.64) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 66 | 1.71 (1.07-2.72) | 1.76 (1.09-2.85) | 1.68 (1.04-2.73) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 74 | 2.00 (1.23-3.26) | 2.13 (1.28-3.54) | 1.99 (1.19-3.33) |
| Ptrend | .015 | .009 | .023 | ||
| PE | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 28 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 40 | 1.48 (0.87-2.53) | 1.54 (0.89-2.66) | 1.49 (0.86-2.58) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 36 | 1.42 (0.79-2.54) | 1.54 (0.85-2.80) | 1.43 (0.78-2.62) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 53 | 2.14 (1.19-3.86) | 2.38 (1.29-4.39) | 2.15 (1.16-4.00) |
| Ptrend | .016 | .008 | .023 | ||
| Provoked VTE | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 38 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 71 | 1.93 (1.22-3.03) | 1.96 (1.24-3.10) | 1.92 (1.21-3.05) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 53 | 1.50 (0.91-2.48) | 1.56 (0.94-2.61) | 1.51 (0.90-2.52) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 79 | 2.27 (1.36-3.78) | 2.37 (1.40-4.02) | 2.25 (1.32-3.84) |
| Ptrend | .011 | .009 | .018 | ||
| Unprovoked VTE | |||||
| <200 | 211 | 36 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 200-264 | 213 | 42 | 1.32 (0.80-2.18) | 1.33 (0.80-2.22) | 1.29 (0.77-2.15) |
| 264-358 | 211 | 49 | 1.75 (1.03-2.95) | 1.83 (1.07-3.16) | 1.70 (0.98-2.95) |
| ≥358 | 213 | 48 | 1.82 (1.05-3.17) | 2.05 (1.15-3.66) | 1.83 (1.02-3.30) |
| Ptrend | .024 | .010 | .033 | ||
Model 1, adjusted for age and sex; Model 2, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, hormone therapy, and physical activity; Model 3, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, hormone therapy, physical activity, and high-sensitivity CRP.