Comparison of clinical characteristics between MRD+ (n = 43) and MRD− AML patients (n = 53)
| Characteristic . | MRD+ (n = 43) . | MRD− (n = 53) . | P* . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | .89 | ||
| Median | 50.1 | 51.7 | |
| Range | 18.8-67.7 | 21.1-69.9 | |
| Sex, n (%) | .23 | ||
| Male | 15 (35) | 25 (47) | |
| Female | 28 (65) | 28 (53) | |
| ECOG performance status at diagnosis, n (%) | .13 | ||
| 0 | 11 (26) | 10 (19) | |
| 1 | 31 (72) | 36 (68) | |
| 2 | 1 (2) | 7 (13) | |
| FAB subtype, n (%) | .70 | ||
| M0 | 7 (16) | 7 (13) | |
| M1 | 4 (9) | 11 (21) | |
| M2 | 9 (21) | 6 (11) | |
| M4 | 9 (21) | 13 (25) | |
| M5 | 6 (14) | 3 (6) | |
| M6 | 0 (0) | 3 (6) | |
| M7 | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Missing data | 7 (16) | 10 (19) | |
| Type of AML, n (%) | .71 | ||
| De novo | 31 (72) | 40 (75) | |
| Secondary† | 12 (28) | 13 (25) | |
| Cytogenetic risk group, n (%)‡ | .02 | ||
| Favorable | 2 (5) | 1 (2) | |
| Intermediate | 24 (56) | 44 (83) | |
| Adverse | 17 (40) | 8 (15) | |
| 2017 ELN risk group,9 n (%) | .006 | ||
| Favorable | 5 (12) | 15 (28) | |
| Intermediate | 11 (26) | 19 (36) | |
| Adverse | 27 (63) | 19 (36) | |
| Complex karyotype, n (%) | .003 | ||
| No | 31 (72) | 50 (94) | |
| Yes | 12 (28) | 3 (6) | |
| WBC count, ×109/L | .57 | ||
| Median | 8 | 19 | |
| Range | 0.8-227 | 0.7-200.9 | |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | .32 | ||
| Median | 9.5 | 9.7 | |
| Range | 4.7-15 | 4.6-13.7 | |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | .25 | ||
| Median | 52 | 63 | |
| Range | 4-402 | 11-427 | |
| N of chemotherapy cycles before alloHCT, n (%) | .19 | ||
| 1 | 8 (19) | 3 (6) | |
| 2 | 26 (60) | 37 (70) | |
| 3 | 9 (21) | 13 (25) | |
| Type of CR sample for MRD, n (%) | .825 | ||
| Peripheral blood | 25 (58) | 32 (60) | |
| Bone marrow | 18 (42) | 21 (40) | |
| Donor match, n (%) | .33 | ||
| MR | 14 (33) | 15 (28) | |
| MU | 23 (53) | 27 (51) | |
| MMR | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | |
| MMU | 4 (9) | 10 (19) | |
| Missing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Type of conditioning regimen, n (%) | .84 | ||
| Myeloablative | 22 (51) | 26 (49) | |
| Reduced intensity | 21 (49) | 27 (51) | |
| Stem-cell source, n (%) | .58 | ||
| Peripheral blood | 40 (93) | 49 (92) | |
| Bone marrow | 2 (5) | 4 (8) | |
| Bissing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Remission status, n (%) | .83 | ||
| CR1 | 41 (95) | 50 (94) | |
| CR2 | 2 (5) | 3 (6) | |
| HCT comorbidity index score before transplantation,24 n (%) | .07 | ||
| 0-2 | 28 (65) | 44 (83) | |
| >2 | 14 (33) | 9 (17) | |
| Missing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Donor sex, n (%) | .35 | ||
| Male | 15 (35) | 24 (45) | |
| Female | 27 (63) | 29 (55) | |
| Missing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| CMV status, n (%) | .24 | ||
| Donor−, patient− | 15 (35) | 13 (25) | |
| Any other combination | 27 (63) | 40 (75) | |
| Missing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
| Characteristic . | MRD+ (n = 43) . | MRD− (n = 53) . | P* . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | .89 | ||
| Median | 50.1 | 51.7 | |
| Range | 18.8-67.7 | 21.1-69.9 | |
| Sex, n (%) | .23 | ||
| Male | 15 (35) | 25 (47) | |
| Female | 28 (65) | 28 (53) | |
| ECOG performance status at diagnosis, n (%) | .13 | ||
| 0 | 11 (26) | 10 (19) | |
| 1 | 31 (72) | 36 (68) | |
| 2 | 1 (2) | 7 (13) | |
| FAB subtype, n (%) | .70 | ||
| M0 | 7 (16) | 7 (13) | |
| M1 | 4 (9) | 11 (21) | |
| M2 | 9 (21) | 6 (11) | |
| M4 | 9 (21) | 13 (25) | |
| M5 | 6 (14) | 3 (6) | |
| M6 | 0 (0) | 3 (6) | |
| M7 | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Missing data | 7 (16) | 10 (19) | |
| Type of AML, n (%) | .71 | ||
| De novo | 31 (72) | 40 (75) | |
| Secondary† | 12 (28) | 13 (25) | |
| Cytogenetic risk group, n (%)‡ | .02 | ||
| Favorable | 2 (5) | 1 (2) | |
| Intermediate | 24 (56) | 44 (83) | |
| Adverse | 17 (40) | 8 (15) | |
| 2017 ELN risk group,9 n (%) | .006 | ||
| Favorable | 5 (12) | 15 (28) | |
| Intermediate | 11 (26) | 19 (36) | |
| Adverse | 27 (63) | 19 (36) | |
| Complex karyotype, n (%) | .003 | ||
| No | 31 (72) | 50 (94) | |
| Yes | 12 (28) | 3 (6) | |
| WBC count, ×109/L | .57 | ||
| Median | 8 | 19 | |
| Range | 0.8-227 | 0.7-200.9 | |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | .32 | ||
| Median | 9.5 | 9.7 | |
| Range | 4.7-15 | 4.6-13.7 | |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | .25 | ||
| Median | 52 | 63 | |
| Range | 4-402 | 11-427 | |
| N of chemotherapy cycles before alloHCT, n (%) | .19 | ||
| 1 | 8 (19) | 3 (6) | |
| 2 | 26 (60) | 37 (70) | |
| 3 | 9 (21) | 13 (25) | |
| Type of CR sample for MRD, n (%) | .825 | ||
| Peripheral blood | 25 (58) | 32 (60) | |
| Bone marrow | 18 (42) | 21 (40) | |
| Donor match, n (%) | .33 | ||
| MR | 14 (33) | 15 (28) | |
| MU | 23 (53) | 27 (51) | |
| MMR | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | |
| MMU | 4 (9) | 10 (19) | |
| Missing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Type of conditioning regimen, n (%) | .84 | ||
| Myeloablative | 22 (51) | 26 (49) | |
| Reduced intensity | 21 (49) | 27 (51) | |
| Stem-cell source, n (%) | .58 | ||
| Peripheral blood | 40 (93) | 49 (92) | |
| Bone marrow | 2 (5) | 4 (8) | |
| Bissing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Remission status, n (%) | .83 | ||
| CR1 | 41 (95) | 50 (94) | |
| CR2 | 2 (5) | 3 (6) | |
| HCT comorbidity index score before transplantation,24 n (%) | .07 | ||
| 0-2 | 28 (65) | 44 (83) | |
| >2 | 14 (33) | 9 (17) | |
| Missing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| Donor sex, n (%) | .35 | ||
| Male | 15 (35) | 24 (45) | |
| Female | 27 (63) | 29 (55) | |
| Missing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | |
| CMV status, n (%) | .24 | ||
| Donor−, patient− | 15 (35) | 13 (25) | |
| Any other combination | 27 (63) | 40 (75) | |
| Missing data | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
CMV, cytomegalovirus; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; FAB, French-American-British; MMR, mismatched related; MMU, mismatched unrelated; MR, matched related; MU, matched unrelated; WBC, white blood cell.
P value from 2-sided χ2 tests for categorical variables and from 2-sided Student’s t or Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests for continuous variables.
Secondary AML meaning leukemia secondary to chemo- or radiotherapy or an antecedent hematologic disease;
Cytogenetic risk group is defined according to Medical Research Council criteria.43