Confounders in MRD monitoring after allo-HCT
| MRD monitoring . | Confounding variables after allo-HCT . |
|---|---|
| Donor chimerism | Residual host signals, loss of heterozygosity in the HLA locus |
| FC | Regenerating hematogones |
| Leukemia-specific markers | Clearance depends on GVL dynamics, high clonal evolution rate |
| DNMT3 | Donor-derived clonal hematopoiesis |
| FLT3-ITD | Unstable, subclonal |
| WT1 | Overexpression in regenerating marrow |
| Ig/TCR | Comparable sequences in regenerating T and B cells |
| NGS allelic burden | High sequencing error rate |
| MRD monitoring . | Confounding variables after allo-HCT . |
|---|---|
| Donor chimerism | Residual host signals, loss of heterozygosity in the HLA locus |
| FC | Regenerating hematogones |
| Leukemia-specific markers | Clearance depends on GVL dynamics, high clonal evolution rate |
| DNMT3 | Donor-derived clonal hematopoiesis |
| FLT3-ITD | Unstable, subclonal |
| WT1 | Overexpression in regenerating marrow |
| Ig/TCR | Comparable sequences in regenerating T and B cells |
| NGS allelic burden | High sequencing error rate |
FC, flow cytometry; GVL, graft-versus-leukemia; Ig/TCR, immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor; NGS, next-generation sequencing; WT1, Wilms tumor 1.