Demographics and baseline characteristics
| Characteristic . | Patients (n = 40) . |
|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), y | 69 (63-72) |
| Male | 25 (62.5) |
| λ Light chain | 30 (75) |
| Light chain only | 18 (45) |
| ECOG performance status* | |
| 0 | 14 (35) |
| 1 | 21 (52.5) |
| 2 | 5 (12.5) |
| Time from diagnosis, median (IQR), mo | 23 (14-40) |
| Time from last treatment, median (IQR), mo | 5 (1.5-14) |
| No. of previous lines of treatment, median (IQR) | 3 (1.75-3) |
| Never reach VGPR | 22 (55) |
| Relapsed | 20 (50) |
| Refractory disease | 17 (42.5) |
| Refractory to therapy, n/N (%) | |
| Bortezomib | 12/37 (32.4) |
| IMiDs | 10/17 (58.8) |
| Melphalan | 9/19 (47.4) |
| Transplant | 0/1 |
| No. of involved organs, median (IQR) | 2 (1-3) |
| Kidney | 26 (65) |
| Heart | 24 (60) |
| Nerve | 10 (25) |
| Gastrointestinal tract | 11 (27.5) |
| Liver | 4 (10) |
| Soft tissue | 7 (17.5) |
| Mayo Clinic cardiac stage† | |
| I | 11 (27.5) |
| II | 10 (25) |
| IIIA | 19 (47.5) |
| dFLC baseline, median (IQR), mg/L | 164 (112-334) |
| Baseline NT-proBNP, median (IQR), ng/L | 917 (285-2302) |
| Baseline creatinine clearance | |
| Median (IQR) | 56 (40-82) |
| ≥60 mL/min | 19 (47.5) |
| <60 mL/min | 21 (52.5) |
| Characteristic . | Patients (n = 40) . |
|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), y | 69 (63-72) |
| Male | 25 (62.5) |
| λ Light chain | 30 (75) |
| Light chain only | 18 (45) |
| ECOG performance status* | |
| 0 | 14 (35) |
| 1 | 21 (52.5) |
| 2 | 5 (12.5) |
| Time from diagnosis, median (IQR), mo | 23 (14-40) |
| Time from last treatment, median (IQR), mo | 5 (1.5-14) |
| No. of previous lines of treatment, median (IQR) | 3 (1.75-3) |
| Never reach VGPR | 22 (55) |
| Relapsed | 20 (50) |
| Refractory disease | 17 (42.5) |
| Refractory to therapy, n/N (%) | |
| Bortezomib | 12/37 (32.4) |
| IMiDs | 10/17 (58.8) |
| Melphalan | 9/19 (47.4) |
| Transplant | 0/1 |
| No. of involved organs, median (IQR) | 2 (1-3) |
| Kidney | 26 (65) |
| Heart | 24 (60) |
| Nerve | 10 (25) |
| Gastrointestinal tract | 11 (27.5) |
| Liver | 4 (10) |
| Soft tissue | 7 (17.5) |
| Mayo Clinic cardiac stage† | |
| I | 11 (27.5) |
| II | 10 (25) |
| IIIA | 19 (47.5) |
| dFLC baseline, median (IQR), mg/L | 164 (112-334) |
| Baseline NT-proBNP, median (IQR), ng/L | 917 (285-2302) |
| Baseline creatinine clearance | |
| Median (IQR) | 56 (40-82) |
| ≥60 mL/min | 19 (47.5) |
| <60 mL/min | 21 (52.5) |
All data are n (%), unless otherwise indicated.
ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.
ECOG performance status is scored on a scale from 0 to 5, with 0 indicating no symptoms and higher scores indicating increasing disability.
Based on the European Modification of the Mayo Staging system; cardiac stage was based on 2 biomarker risk factors: NT-ProBNP and high sensitivity cardiac troponin. IIIA: NT-proBNP < 8500 ng/L; note that 3 patients with normal NT-ProBNP values, but missing troponin levels, were considered to have stage I disease.