Table 1.

Risk of an individual dying (D) in 1 year or developing an adverse response (A).21 

Term UsedRisk RangeExampleRisk Estimate
High > 1:100 (A) Transmission to susceptible household contacts of measles and chickenpox 1:1–1:2 
  (A) Transmission of HIV from mother to child (Europe) 1:6 
Moderate 1:100–1:1,000 (D) Smoking 10 cigarettes per day 1:200 
  (D) All natural causes, age 40 1:850 
Low 1:1,000–1:10,000 (D) All kinds of violence 1:3,300 
  (D) Influenza 1:5,000 
  (D) Accident on road 1:8,000 
Very low 1:10,000–1:100,000 (D) Leukemia 1:12,000 
  (D) Playing soccer 1:25,000 
  (D) Accident at work 1:43,000 
Minimal 1:100,000–1:1,000,000 (D) Accident on railway 1:500,000 
Negligible < 1:1,000,000 (D) Hit by lightning 1:1,000,000 
  (D) Release of radiation by nuclear power station 1:10,000,000 
Term UsedRisk RangeExampleRisk Estimate
High > 1:100 (A) Transmission to susceptible household contacts of measles and chickenpox 1:1–1:2 
  (A) Transmission of HIV from mother to child (Europe) 1:6 
Moderate 1:100–1:1,000 (D) Smoking 10 cigarettes per day 1:200 
  (D) All natural causes, age 40 1:850 
Low 1:1,000–1:10,000 (D) All kinds of violence 1:3,300 
  (D) Influenza 1:5,000 
  (D) Accident on road 1:8,000 
Very low 1:10,000–1:100,000 (D) Leukemia 1:12,000 
  (D) Playing soccer 1:25,000 
  (D) Accident at work 1:43,000 
Minimal 1:100,000–1:1,000,000 (D) Accident on railway 1:500,000 
Negligible < 1:1,000,000 (D) Hit by lightning 1:1,000,000 
  (D) Release of radiation by nuclear power station 1:10,000,000 
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