Cytokines and their receptors on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells.
| Cytokine† . | Cytokine Receptors‡ . | Biologic Effect§ . |
|---|---|---|
| †Cytokines have been shown to be synthesized and secreted by CLL B cells. | ||
| ‡Receptors specific for the respective cytokine have been found on CLL B cell membranes. | ||
| §Functional impact of each cytokine on the clonal CLL B cell population. | ||
| Abbreviations: IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TGF, tumor growth factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor. | ||
| IL-2 | Present | Inhibits apoptosis |
| IL-4 | Present | Inhibits apoptosis |
| IL-8 | Present | Inhibits apoptosis |
| IL-10 | Present | Induces apoptosis |
| TNFα | ? | Inhibits apoptosis |
| TGFβ | Present | Induces apoptosis |
| Interferon α/γ | Present | Inhibits apoptosis |
| VEGF | Present (both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) | Inhibits apoptosis |
| bFGF | ? | Induces drug resistance |
| CXCR4 | Present | Stimulates chemotaxis |
| CXCR3 | Present | Unknown |
| Cytokine† . | Cytokine Receptors‡ . | Biologic Effect§ . |
|---|---|---|
| †Cytokines have been shown to be synthesized and secreted by CLL B cells. | ||
| ‡Receptors specific for the respective cytokine have been found on CLL B cell membranes. | ||
| §Functional impact of each cytokine on the clonal CLL B cell population. | ||
| Abbreviations: IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TGF, tumor growth factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor. | ||
| IL-2 | Present | Inhibits apoptosis |
| IL-4 | Present | Inhibits apoptosis |
| IL-8 | Present | Inhibits apoptosis |
| IL-10 | Present | Induces apoptosis |
| TNFα | ? | Inhibits apoptosis |
| TGFβ | Present | Induces apoptosis |
| Interferon α/γ | Present | Inhibits apoptosis |
| VEGF | Present (both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) | Inhibits apoptosis |
| bFGF | ? | Induces drug resistance |
| CXCR4 | Present | Stimulates chemotaxis |
| CXCR3 | Present | Unknown |