Table 3. Mechanisms of hemorrhage in... | American Society of Hematology

Table 3.

Mechanisms of hemorrhage in viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs).

Disease	Thrombocytopenia	Platelet Dysfunction	Reduced Levels of Coagulation Factors	Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation	Vascular Injury (Endothelial Cell)
Argentine HF	+	+^b	+	+^a	+
Bolivian HF	+	...	...	...	...
Lassa fever	+	+^b	+	...	+^d
Dengue HF	+	+	+	+	+
Yellow fever	+	...	+	±^c	...
Omsk HF	+	...	...	...	...
Kyasanur Forest disease	+	...	...	...	...
Crimean-Congo HF	+	...	+	+	+
Rift Valley fever	+	...	+	±^c,d	...
HF with renal syndrome	+	+	+	+	+
Ebola HF	+	+^d	+	+	+
Marburg HF	+	...	+	+	...
Legend: + = demonstrated abnormality or data compatible with an abnormality;... = data insufficient; ± = data equivocal
Modified from¹⁴

Disease	Thrombocytopenia	Platelet Dysfunction	Reduced Levels of Coagulation Factors	Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation	Vascular Injury (Endothelial Cell)
Argentine HF	+	+^b	+	+^a	+
Bolivian HF	+	...	...	...	...
Lassa fever	+	+^b	+	...	+^d
Dengue HF	+	+	+	+	+
Yellow fever	+	...	+	±^c	...
Omsk HF	+	...	...	...	...
Kyasanur Forest disease	+	...	...	...	...
Crimean-Congo HF	+	...	+	+	+
Rift Valley fever	+	...	+	±^c,d	...
HF with renal syndrome	+	+	+	+	+
Ebola HF	+	+^d	+	+	+
Marburg HF	+	...	+	+	...
Legend: + = demonstrated abnormality or data compatible with an abnormality;... = data insufficient; ± = data equivocal
Modified from¹⁴

^a

Occurs in terminal shock.

^b

Platelet inhibitor discovered in sera of severely ill patients

^c

Diagnosis complicated by presence of severe liver dysfunction

^d

Monkeys